|
Johannes (João Evangelista) Rick (19 January 1869–1946) was an Austrian-born Brazilian priest and mycologist considered the "father of Brazilian mycology" (Barbosa, 2014). He was the first to systematically document the fungal biodiversity, particularly the macrofungi, of Southern Brazil. Rick established communications with several contemporary mycologists, such as Giacomo Bresadola, Curtis Gates Lloyd, Heinrich Rehm, and Hans Sydow, who helped him identify his Brazilian collections (Baltazar 2013). Rick was a schoolteacher in Feldkirch from 1894 to 1898 before becoming a theology student in Valkenburg (Netherlands) from 1899 until 1902. After moving to Brazil in 1902, he was a teacher until 1915, then a social worker from 1915 to 1929, and finally Professor of theology until 1942 (Kirk, 2008). ==Johannes Rick== Johannes Rick, Fr. Rick or João Evangelista was born January 19 of 1869 in Dornbirn, Vorarlberg state, in Austria. Dornbirn city is located near to the borders of Switzerland, Germany and Liechtenstein. At almost two meters tall, he was admired and misunderstood at the same time. In silence, he typically would spend days collecting fungi, close to the school and parish houses. Rick used to say that the forest was his herbarium and, according to Fr. Rambo who was his pupil, organization was not exactly his strong point. ''"I used to leave at his disposal some long tables, as far as possible from my own desk, but at the first day his tables would be busy and full of fungi and books. On the second day, the invasion to my desk would begin. There being no other place on it, the process would expand pleased and happy for the floor until there is no space remaining"'' reported by Rambo (INCT, 2015). Two years before Rick’s death, Rambo spent six months organizing, cataloging records and accommodating the specimens on standard paper envelopes and stored in insect-proof cabinets Rick’s collection. Rick died with 77 years at St. Ignatius College in Salvador do Sul in 1946, leaving a legacy which paved the way for the development of mycology in Brazil (Fidalgo, 1962). After he finished his middle school in 1882, Rick moved toward Feldkirch (Vorarlberg, Austria) where he started his high school at Stella Matutina, Jesuit school. Concluding his high school in 1887, Rick decided to follow his master’s advice and successively did two years of noviciate in Bliyenbeck, two years of a superior humanistic course in Wynandsrade and three years of philosophy in Exaeten, Netherlands (Fidalgo, 1962). In 1894, Rick went back to Stella Matutina where he stayed for four years of his life as a mathematics and natural history teacher. At this time, in 1896, he started to develop an interest for fungi. Faced with many difficulties to report new species, he had solicited H. Rehm who helped him with Ascomycetes and gave him a recommendation to contact G. Bresadola, who taught him the basics lessons about Basidiomycota (Fidalgo, 1962). Rick moved to Valkenburg, Netherlands, in 1898 to study theology. There he meet Curtis Gates Lloyd (1859-1926), who he maintained in contact for over 30 years and whom he gave a part of his duplicates. These duplicates became part of Lloyd's Herbarium and were later donated to the Smithsonian Institution (Washington, D.C., U.S.A.). The remainder of the herbarium is placed at the University of Cincinnati, in Ohio (Lloyd Library and Museum, 2015). In 1902, to complement his Jesuit formation, Rick went to Barro, Portugal where he learned Portuguese. There he lived just for one year before receiving a teaching position at a Jesuit School in Sao Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul State, in Brazil (Fidalgo, 1962). Rick started to publish his fungi research parallel with his teaching activity after one year of teaching in Brazil. Working feverishly, he felt the effects of such efforts and thus, due to mental exhaustion, he was medically obligated to reduce his work and to stop teaching. His love for fungi did not allow him to stop his studies of mycology and thereby he continued to collect materials (Fidalgo, 1962). Duplicates were sent to many specialists. Two in particular, were C. G. Lloyd and F. Theissen. Theissen was his pupil and he became famous for his studies with Ascomycetes. Duplicates were also sent to Father Rompel, Schattenburg-Museum curator in Feldkirch, Austria, who started the origin of herbarium specimens “Rick, Fungi Austro-Americani”. One of the best of Rick’s contribution were his studies on the Lycoperdaceae Chevall. (Basidiomycete) and in the gasteromycetes fungi (Rick, J. 1910; Rick, J. 1929a; Rick, J. b; Rick, J. 1930; Rick, J. 1934) in Rio Grande do Sul States, in Brazil. Rick described 29 species in 80 genera (Rick, J. 1961). In 1929, Rick returned to teach as a theology professor in Sao Leopoldo, however, the last four years of his life, he dedicated to mycology research in the Preparatory School of Jesuit in Sao Salvador, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. His work was completed and published in 1958, due to the efforts of Father Balduino Rambo. The importance of his work in the development of the Brazilian mycology was not only because of his several publications, that by itself could be enough to magnify his merits, but also because of his cooperative way to conduct research. This allowed mycologist around the word to study the Brazilian fungi (Fidalgo, 1962). According to the Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries (2015), herbariums that include Rick’s specimens are PACA, B, BPI, CUP, FH, IAC, IACM, K, MICH, PC, R, RB, S, SFPA and SI. Rick dyed in May 6 of 1946 and his honor RICKIA Magazine was created (Fidalgo,1962) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Johannes Rick」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|